The European Commission has proposed a directive to address firearms trafficking and related offences within the European Union. This initiative represents the first legislative action under the European Internal Security Strategy, known as ProtectEU. The presence of illicit firearms poses a considerable threat to public safety, contributing to terrorism, organised crime, gang violence, and other serious criminal activities. This risk is further heightened by technological advancements, such as 3D printing, and evolving external threats, underscoring the need for enhanced preparedness within the EU.
Currently, significant disparities exist in the definitions and penalties for firearms offences across member states, resulting in a fragmented legal landscape. The proposed directive seeks to standardise these definitions and enhance law enforcement’s overall effectiveness in combating firearms-related crimes. It aims to establish a comprehensive EU-wide framework that includes uniform definitions of firearms offences and corresponding penalties, fosters greater collaboration among member states, and enhances the collection and utilisation of relevant data.
“Organised criminals and terrorists exploit new technologies and gaps in our laws to spread violence, terror, and crime. Today’s proposals are aimed at those who want to harm Europeans. By establishing an EU-wide framework on firearms offences and penalties while closing the gaps around 3D-printed weapons, we will make the EU a safer place,” said Magnus Brunner, Commissioner for Internal Affairs and Migration.
The proposal addresses the misuse of 3D printing technology for the illegal production of weapons, aiming to enhance law enforcement’s ability to tackle emerging threats and protect EU citizens from illicit firearms. It specifically targets intentional acts involving illegal firearms while allowing legitimate activities by authorised dealers and citizens to continue unimpeded. Existing EU regulations on the legal acquisition, possession, and movement of firearms remain unchanged.
It introduces harmonised definitions and penalties: at least 2 years’ imprisonment for disseminating 3D blueprints; 5 years for possessing illicit firearms and components; and 8 years for trafficking and manufacturing illicit firearms. Member States are required to establish National Firearms Focal Points to facilitate cooperation in tracing and seizing trafficked weapons.
The proposal also mandates improved collection and standardisation of firearms data, including a dataset for registered firearms seized by law enforcement. This will help estimate the scale of illicit firearms trafficking and identify trends, such as the entry of decommissioned firearms from conflict zones into the EU.
Member States must gather and share statistical data on firearms-related offences with the Commission every five years. This includes information on seizures, investigations, and penalties, which will enhance data comparability, situational awareness, and public understanding.
The Commission will now work with the European Parliament and the Council to expedite agreement on the proposal.
